Hybrid maize plant and seed (39B42)

ABSTRACT

According to the invention, there is provided a hybrid maize plant, designated as 39B42, produced by crossing two Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize lines. This invention relates to the hybrid seed 39B42, the hybrid plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and trivial modifications of hybrid 39B42.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention is in the field of maize breeding, specifically relatingto a hybrid maize line designated 39B42.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Plant Breeding

Field crops are bred through techniques that take advantage of theplant's method of pollination. A plant is self-pollinated if pollen fromone flower is transferred to the same or another flower of the sameplant. A plant is cross-pollinated if the pollen comes from a flower ona different plant.

Plants that have been self-pollinated and selected for type for manygenerations become homozygous at almost all gene loci and produce auniform population of true breeding progeny. A cross between twodifferent homozygous lines produces a uniform population of hybridplants that may be heterozygous for many gene loci. A cross of twoplants each heterozygous at a number of gene loci will produce apopulation of hybrid plants that differ genetically and will not beuniform.

Maize (Zea mays L.), often referred to as corn in the United States, canbe bred by both self-pollination and cross-pollination techniques. Maizehas separate male and female flowers on the same plant, located on thetassel and the ear, respectively. Natural pollination occurs in maizewhen wind blows pollen from the tassels to the silks that protrude fromthe tops of the ears.

The development of a hybrid maize variety involves three steps: (1) theselection of plants from various germplasm pools for initial breedingcrosses; (2) the selfing of the selected plants from the breedingcrosses for several generations to produce a series of inbred lines,which, although different from each other, breed true and are highlyuniform; and (3) crossing the selected inbred lines with unrelatedinbred lines to produce the hybrid progeny (F₁). During the inbreedingprocess in maize, the vigor of the lines decreases. Vigor is restoredwhen two different inbred lines are crossed to produce the hybridprogeny (F₁). An important consequence of the homozygosity andhomogeneity of the inbred lines is that the hybrid created by crossing adefined pair of inbreds will always be the same. Once the inbreds thatcreate a superior hybrid have been identified, a continual supply of thehybrid seed can be produced using these inbred parents and the hybridcorn plants can then be generated from this hybrid seed supply.

Large scale commercial maize hybrid production, as it is practicedtoday, requires the use of some form of male sterility system whichcontrols or inactivates male fertility. A reliable method of controllingmale fertility in plants also offers the opportunity for improved plantbreeding. This is especially true for development of maize hybrids,which relies upon some sort of male sterility system. There are severaloptions for controlling male fertility available to breeders, such as:manual or mechanical emasculation (or detasseling), cytoplasmic malesterility, genetic male sterility, gametocides and the like.

Hybrid maize seed is typically produced by a male sterility systemincorporating manual or mechanical detasseling. Alternate strips of twoinbred varieties of maize are planted in a field, and the pollen-bearingtassels are removed from one of the inbreds (female) prior to pollenshed. Providing that there is sufficient isolation from sources offoreign maize pollen, the ears of the detasseled inbred will befertilized only from the other inbred (male), and the resulting seed istherefore hybrid and will form hybrid plants.

The laborious, and occasionally unreliable, detasseling process can beavoided by using cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) inbreds. Plants of a CMSinbred are male sterile as a result of factors resulting from thecytoplasmic, as opposed to the nuclear, genome. Thus, thischaracteristic is inherited exclusively through the female parent inmaize plants, since only the female provides cytoplasm to the fertilizedseed. CMS plants are fertilized with pollen from another inbred that isnot male-sterile. Pollen from the second inbred may or may notcontribute genes that make the hybrid plants male-fertile. Usually seedfrom detasseled fertile maize and CMS produced seed of the same hybridare blended to insure that adequate pollen loads are available forfertilization when the hybrid plants are grown.

There are several methods of conferring genetic male sterilityavailable, such as multiple mutant genes at separate locations withinthe genome that confer male sterility, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos.4,654,465 and 4,727,219 to Brar et al. and chromosomal translocations asdescribed by Patterson in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,861,709 and 3,710,511. Theseand all patents referred to are incorporated by reference. In additionto these methods, Albertsen et al., of Pioneer Hi-Bred, U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 07/848,433, have developed a system of nuclear malesterility which includes: identifying a gene which is critical to malefertility; silencing this native gene which is critical to malefertility; removing the native promoter from the essential malefertility gene and replacing it with an inducible promoter; insertingthis genetically engineered gene back into the plant; and thus creatinga plant that is male sterile because the inducible promoter is not "on"resulting in the male fertility gene not being transcribed. Fertility isrestored by inducing, or turning "on", the promoter, which in turnallows the gene that confers male fertility to be transcribed.

There are many other methods of conferring genetic male sterility in theart, each with its own benefits and drawbacks. These methods use avariety of approaches such as delivering into the plant a gene encodinga cytotoxic substance associated with a male tissue specific promoter oran antisense system in which a gene critical to fertility is identifiedand an antisense to that gene is inserted in the plant (see:Fabinjanski, et al. EPO 89/3010153.8 publication no. 329,308 and PCTapplication PCT/CA90/00037 published as WO 90/08828).

Another system useful in controlling male sterility makes use ofgametocides. Gametocides are not a genetic system, but rather a topicalapplication of chemicals. These chemicals affect cells that are criticalto male fertility. The application of these chemicals affects fertilityin the plants only for the growing season in which the gametocide isapplied (see Carlson, Glenn R., U.S. Pat. No. 4,936,904). Application ofthe gametocide, timing of the application and genotype specificity oftenlimit the usefulness of the approach.

The use of male sterile inbreds is but one factor in the production ofmaize hybrids. The development of maize hybrids requires, in general,the development of homozygous inbred lines, the crossing of these lines,and the evaluation of the crosses. Breeding programs combine the geneticbackgrounds from two or more inbred lines or various other broad-basedsources into breeding pools from which new inbred lines are developed byselfing and selection of desired phenotypes. The new inbreds are crossedwith other inbred lines and the hybrids from these crosses are evaluatedto determine which of those have commercial potential.

There are many important factors to be considered in the art of plantbreeding, such as the ability to recognize important morphological andphysiological characteristics, the ability to design evaluationtechniques for genotypic and phenotypic traits of interest, and theability to search out and exploit the genes for the desired traits innew or improved combinations.

The objective of commercial maize hybrid line development programs is todevelop new inbred lines to produce hybrids that combine to produce highgrain yields and superior agronomic performance. The primary traitbreeders seek is yield. However, many other major agronomic traits areof importance in hybrid combination and have an impact on yield orotherwise provide superior performance in hybrid combinations. Suchtraits include percent grain moisture at harvest, relative maturity,resistance to stalk breakage, resistance to root lodging, grain quality,and disease and insect resistance. In addition, the lines per se musthave acceptable performance for parental traits such as seed yields,kernel sizes, pollen production, all of which affect ability to provideparental lines in sufficient quantity and quality for hybridization.These traits have been shown to be under genetic control and many if notall of the traits are affected by multiple genes.

Pedigree Breeding

The pedigree method of breeding is the mostly widely used methodologyfor new hybrid line development.

In general terms this procedure consists of crossing two inbred lines toproduce the non-segregating F₁ generation, and self pollination of theF₁ generation to produce the F₂ generation that segregates for allfactors for which the inbred parents differ. An example of this processis set forth below. Variations of this generalized pedigree method areused, but all these variations produce a segregating generation whichcontains a range of variation for the traits of interest.

EXAMPLE 1

Hypothetical example of pedigree breeding program

Consider a cross between two inbred lines that differ for alleles at sixloci. The parental genotypes are:

Parent1 AbCdeF/AbCdeF

Parent2 aBcDEf/aBcDEf

the F₁ from a cross between these two parents is:

F₁ AbCdeF/aBcDEf

Selfing F₁ will produce an F₂ generation including the followinggenotypes: ##STR1##

The number of genotypes in the F₂ is 3⁶ for six segregating loci (729)and will produce (2⁶)-2 possible new inbreds, (62 for six segregatingloci).

Each inbred parent which is used in breeding crosses represents a uniquecombination of genes, and the combined effects of the genes define theperformance of the inbred and its performance in hybrid combination.There is published evidence (Smith, O. S., J. S. C. Smith, S. L. Bowen,R. A. Tenborg and S. J. Wall, TAG 80:833-840 (1990)) that each of thelines are different and can be uniquely identified on the basis ofgenetically-controlled molecular markers.

It has been shown (Hallauer, Amel R. and Miranda, J. B. Fo. QuantitativeGenetics in Maize Breeding, Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa,1981) that most traits of economic value in maize are under the geneticcontrol of multiple genetic loci, and that there are a large number ofunique combinations of these genes present in elite maize germplasm. Ifnot, genetic progress using elite inbred lines would no longer bepossible. Studies by Duvick and Russell (Duvick, D. N., Maydica37:69-79, (1992); Russell, W. A., Maydica XXIX:375-390 (1983)) haveshown that over the last 50 years the rate of genetic progress incommercial hybrids has been between one and two percent per year.

The number of genes affecting the trait of primary economic importancein maize, grain yield, has been estimated to be in the range of 10-1000.Inbred lines which are used as parents for breeding crosses differ inthe number and combination of these genes. These factors make the plantbreeder's task more difficult. Compounding this is evidence that no oneline contains the favorable allele at all loci, and that differentalleles have different economic values depending on the geneticbackground and field environment in which the hybrid is grown. Fiftyyears of breeding experience suggests that there are many genesaffecting grain yield and each of these has a relatively small effect onthis trait. The effects are small compared to breeders' ability tomeasure grain yield differences in evaluation trials. Therefore, theparents of the breeding cross must differ at several of these loci sothat the genetic differences in the progeny will be large enough thatbreeders can develop a line that increases the economic worth of itshybrids over that of hybrids made with either parent.

If the number of loci segregating in a cross between two inbred lines isn, the number of unique genotypes in the F₂ generation is 3^(n) and thenumber of unique inbred lines from this cross is {(2^(n))-2}. Only avery limited number of these combinations are useful. Only about 1 in10,000 of the progeny from F₂ 's are commercially useful.

By way of example, if it is assumed that the number of segregating lociin F₂ is somewhere between 20 and 50, and that each parent is fixed forhalf the favorable alleles, it is then possible to calculate theapproximate probabilities of finding an inbred that has the favorableallele at {(n/2)+m} loci, where n/2 is the number of favorable allelesin each of the parents and m is the number of additional favorablealleles in the new inbred. See Example 2 below. The number m is assumedto be greater than three because each allele has so small an effect thatevaluation techniques are not sensitive enough to detect differences dueto three or less favorable alleles. The probabilities in Example 2 areon the order of 10⁻⁵ or smaller and they are the probabilities that atleast one genotype with (n/2)=m favorable alleles will exist.

To put this in perspective, the number of plants grown on 60 millionacres (approximate United States corn acreage) at 25,000 plants/acre is1.5×10¹².

EXAMPLE 2

Probability of finding an inbred with m of n favorable alleles.

Assume each parent has n/2 of the favorable alleles and only 1/2 of thecombinations of loci are economically useful.

    ______________________________________                                        No. of  No. of favorable                                                                          No. additional                                            segregating                                                                           alleles in Parents                                                                        favorable alleles in                                                                       Probability that                             loci (n)                                                                              (n/2)       new inbred   genotype occurs*                             ______________________________________                                        20      10          14           3 × 10.sup.-5                          24      12          16           2 × 10.sup.-5                          28      14          18           1 × 10.sup.-5                          32      16          20           8 × 10.sup.-6                          36      18          22           5 × 10.sup.-6                          40      20          24           3 × 10.sup.-6                          44      22          26           2 × 10.sup.-6                          48      24          28           1 × 10.sup.-6                          ______________________________________                                         *Probability that a useful combination exists, does not include the           probability of identifying this combination if it does exist.            

The possibility of having a usably high probability of being able toidentify this genotype based on replicated field testing would be mostlikely smaller than this, and is a function of how large a population ofgenotypes is tested and how testing resources are allocated in thetesting program.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the invention, there is provided a hybrid maize plant,designated as 39B42, produced by crossing two Pioneer Hi-BredInternational, Inc. proprietary inbred maize lines. This invention thusrelates to the hybrid seed 39B42, the hybrid plant produced from theseed, and variants, mutants and trivial modifications of hybrid 39B42.This hybrid maize plant is characterized by excellent silage yield forits maturity and good silage frame. Hybrid 39B42 demonstrates good rootlodging resistance and good stay green.

DEFINITIONS

In the description and examples that follow, a number of terms are usedherein. In order to provide a clear and consistent understanding of thespecification and claims, including the scope to be given such terms,the following definitions are provided. NOTE: ABS is in absolute termsand % MN is percent of the mean for the experiments in which the inbredor hybrid was grown. These designators will follow the descriptors todenote how the values are to be interpreted. Below are the descriptorsused in the data tables included herein.

ADF RWH=PERCENT ACID DETERGENT FIBER. This is the percent of dry matterthat is acid detergent fiber in chopped whole plant forage, which is ameasure of fiber content.

ANT ROT=ANTHRACNOSE STALK ROT (Colletotrichum graminicola). A 1 to 9visual rating indicating the resistance to Anthracnose Stalk Rot. Ahigher score indicates a higher resistance.

BAR PLT=BARREN PLANTS. The percent of plants per plot that were notbarren (lack ears).

BRT STK=BRITTLE STALKS. This is a measure of the stalk breakage near thetime of pollination, and is an indication of whether a hybrid or inbredwould snap or break near the time of flowering under severe winds. Dataare presented as percentage of plants that did not snap in pairedcomparisons and on a 1 to 9 scale (9=highest resistance) inCharacteristics Charts.

BU ACR=YIELD (BUSHELS/ACRE). Yield of the grain at harvest in bushelsper acre adjusted to 15.5% moisture.

CLN=CORN LETHAL NECROSIS (synergistic interaction of maize chloroticmottle virus (MCMV) in combination with either maize dwarf mosaic virus(MDMV-A or MDMV-B) or wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV)). A 1 to 9 visualrating indicating the resistance to Corn Lethal Necrosis. A higher scoreindicates a higher resistance.

COM RST=COMMON RUST (Puccinia sorghi). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicatingthe resistance to Common Rust. A higher score indicates a higherresistance.

CRM=COMPARATIVE RELATIVE MATURITY (see PRM).

D/D=DRYDOWN. This represents the relative rate at which a hybrid willreach acceptable harvest moisture compared to other hybrids on a 1-9rating scale. A high score indicates a hybrid that dries relatively fastwhile a low score indicates a hybrid that dries slowly.

D/E=DROPPED EARS. Represented in a 1 to 9 scale in the CharacteristicsChart, where 9 is the rating representing the least, or no, droppedears.

DIP ERS=DIPLODIA EAR MOLD SCORES (Diplodia maydis and Diplodiamacrospora). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance toDiplodia Ear Mold. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

DRP EAR=DROPPED EARS. A measure of the number of dropped ears per plotand represents the percentage of plants that did not drop ears prior toharvest.

D/T=DROUGHT TOLERANCE. This represents a 1-9 rating for droughttolerance, and is based on data obtained under stress conditions. A highscore indicates good drought tolerance and a low score indicates poordrought tolerance.

EAR HT=EAR HEIGHT. The ear height is a measure from the ground to thehighest placed developed ear node attachment and is measured in inches.This is represented in a 1 to 9 scale in the Characteristics Chart,where 9 is highest.

EAR HTM=EAR HEIGHT. Ear height expressed in decimeters.

EAR MLD=General Ear Mold. Visual rating (1-9 score) where a "1" is verysusceptible and a "9" is very resistant. This is based on overall ratingfor ear mold of mature ears without determining the specific moldorganism, and may not be predictive for a specific ear mold.

EAR SZ=EAR SIZE. A 1 to 9 visual rating of ear size. The higher therating the larger the ear size.

ECB 1LF=EUROPEAN CORN BORER FIRST GENERATION LEAF FEEDING (Ostrinianubilalis). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance topreflowering leaf feeding by first generation European Corn Borer. Ahigher score indicates a higher resistance.

ECB 21T=EUROPEAN CORN BORER SECOND GENERATION INCHES OF TUNNELING(Ostrinia nubilalis). Average inches of tunneling per plant in thestalk.

ECB 2SC=EUROPEAN CORN BORER SECOND GENERATION (Ostrinia nubilalis). A 1to 9 visual rating indicating post flowering degree of stalk breakageand other evidence of feeding by European Corn Borer, Second Generation.A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

ECB DPE=EUROPEAN CORN BORER DROPPED EARS (Ostrinia nubilalis). Droppedears due to European Corn Borer. Percentage of plants that did not dropears under second generation corn borer infestation.

E/G=EARLY GROWTH. This represents a 1 to 9 rating for early growth,scored when two leaf collars are visible. A higher rating indicates ataller plant than does a lower rating.

EST CNT=EARLY STAND COUNT. This is a measure of the stand establishmentin the spring and represents the number of plants that emerge on perplot basis for the inbred or hybrid.

EYE SPT=Eye Spot (Kabatiella zeae or Aureobasidium zeae). A 1 to 9visual rating indicating the resistance to Eye Spot. A higher scoreindicates a higher resistance.

FUS ERS=FUSARIUM EAR ROT SCORE (Fusarium moniliforrne or Fusariumsubglutinans). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance toFusarium ear rot. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

G/A=GRAIN APPEARANCE. Appearance of grain in the grain tank (scored downfor mold, cracks, red streak, etc.).

GDU=Growing Degree Units. Using the Barger Heat Unit Theory, thatassumes that maize growth occurs in the temperature range 50° F.-86° F.and that temperatures outside this range slow down growth; the maximumdaily heat unit accumulation is 36 and the minimum daily heat unitaccumulation is 0. The seasonal accumulation of GDU is a major factor indetermining maturity zones.

GDU PHY=GDU TO PHYSIOLOGICAL MATURITY. The number of growing degreeunits required for an inbred or hybrid line to have approximately 50percent of plants at physiological maturity from time of planting.Growing degree units are calculated by the Barger method.

GDU SHD=GDU TO SHED. The number of growing degree units (GDUs) or heatunits required for an inbred line or hybrid to have approximately 50percent of the plants shedding pollen and is measured from the time ofplanting. Growing degree units are calculated by the Barger Method,where the heat units for a 24-hour period are: ##EQU1##

The highest maximum temperature used is 86° F. and the lowest minimumtemperature used is 50° F. For each inbred or hybrid it takes a certainnumber of GDUs to reach various stages of plant development.

GDU SLK=GDU TO SILK. The number of growing degree units required for aninbred line or hybrid to have approximately 50 percent of the plantswith silk emergence from time of planting. Growing degree units arecalculated by the Barger Method as given in GDU SHD definition.

GEN APP=GENERAL APPEARANCE. General appearance score is a 1-9 scorereflecting the general appearance of hybrids. For silage hybrids,taller, leafy, and dark green color would contribute to a higher score.

GIB ERS=GIBBERELLA EAR ROT (PINK MOLD) (Gibberella zeae). A 1 to 9visual rating indicating the resistance to Gibberella Ear Rot. A higherscore indicates a higher resistance.

GLF SPT=Gray Leaf Spot (Cercospora zeae-maydis). A 1 to 9 visual ratingindicating the resistance to Gray Leaf Spot. A higher score indicates ahigher resistance.

GOS WLT=Goss' Wilt (Corynebacterium nebraskense). A 1 to 9 visual ratingindicating the resistance to Goss' Wilt. A higher score indicates ahigher resistance.

GRN APP=GRAIN APPEARANCE. This is a 1 to 9 rating for the generalappearance of the shelled grain as it is harvested based on such factorsas the color of harvested grain, any mold on the grain, and any crackedgrain. High scores indicate good grain quality.

H/POP=YIELD AT HIGH DENSITY. Yield ability at relatively high plantdensities on 1-9 relative rating system with a higher number indicatingthe hybrid responds well to high plant densities for yield relative toother hybrids. A 1, 5, and 9 would represent very poor, average, andvery good yield response, respectively, to increased plant density.

HC BLT=HELMINTHOSPORIUM CARBONUM LEAF BLIGHT (Helminthosporum carbonum).A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to Helminthosporiuminfection. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

HD SMT=HEAD SMUT (Sphacelotheca reiliana). This score indicates thepercentage of plants not infected.

INC D/A=GROSS INCOME (DOLLARS PER ACRE). Relative income per acreassuming drying costs of two cents per point above 15.5 percent harvestmoisture and current market price per bushel.

INCOME/ACRE. Income advantage of hybrid to be patented over other hybridon per acre basis.

INC ADV=GROSS INCOME ADVANTAGE. GROSS INCOME advantage of variety #1over variety #2.

L/POP=YIELD AT LOW DENSITY. Yield ability at relatively low plantdensities on a 1-9 relative system with a higher number indicating thehybrid responds well to low plant densities for yield relative to otherhybrids. A 1, 5, and 9 would represent very poor, average, and very goodyield response, respectively, to low plant density.

MDM CPX=MAIZE DWARF MOSAIC COMPLEX (MDMV=Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus andMCDV=Maize Chlorotic Dwarf Virus). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating theresistance to Maize Dwarf Mosaic Complex. A higher score indicates ahigher resistance.

MST=HARVEST MOISTURE. The moisture is the actual percentage moisture ofthe grain at harvest.

MST ADV=MOISTURE ADVANTAGE. The moisture advantage of variety #1 overvariety #2 as calculated by: MOISTURE of variety #2--MOISTURE of variety#1=MOISTURE ADVANTAGE of variety #1.

NLF BLT=Northern Leaf Blight (Helminthosporum turcicum or Exserohilumturcicum). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to NorthernLeaf Blight. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

PHY CRM=CRM at physiological maturity.

PLT HT=PLANT HEIGHT. This is a measure of the height of the plant fromthe ground to the tip of the tassel in inches. This is represented as a1 to 9 scale, 9 highest, in the Characteristics Chart.

PLT HTM=PLANT HEIGHT. Plant height expressed in decimeters.

POL SC=POLLEN SCORE. A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the amount ofpollen shed. The higher the score the more pollen shed.

POL WT=POLLEN WEIGHT. This is calculated by dry weight of tasselscollected as shedding commences minus dry weight from similar tasselsharvested after shedding is complete.

It should be understood that the inbred can, through routinemanipulation of cytoplasmic or other factors, be produced in amale-sterile form. Such embodiments are also contemplated within thescope of the present claims.

POP K/A=PLANT POPULATIONS. Measured as 1000s per acre.

POP ADV=PLANT POPULATION ADVANTAGE. The plant population advantage ofvariety #1 over variety #2 as calculated by PLANT POPULATION of variety#2--PLANT POPULATION of variety #1 =PLANT POPULATION ADVANTAGE ofvariety #1.

PRM=PREDICTED Relative Maturity. This trait, predicted relativematurity, is based on the harvest moisture of the grain. The relativematurity rating is based on a known set of checks and utilizes standardlinear regression analyses and is referred to as the ComparativeRelative Maturity Rating System that is similar to the MinnesotaRelative Maturity Rating System.

PRM SHD=A relative measure of the growing degree units (GDU) required toreach 50% pollen shed. Relative values are predicted values from thelinear regression of observed GDU's on relative maturity of commercialchecks.

PRO=PROTEIN RATING. Rating on a 1 to 9 scale comparing relative amountof protein in the grain compared to hybrids of similar maturity. A "1"score difference represents a 0.4 point change in grain protein percent(e.g., 8.0% to 8.4%).

P/Y=PROTEIN/YIELD RATING. Indicates, on a 1 to 9 scale, the economicvalue of a hybrid for swine and poultry feeders. This takes into accountthe income due to yield, moisture and protein content.

ROOTS (%)=Percent of stalks NOT root lodged at harvest.

R/L=ROOT LODGING. A 1 to 9 rating indicating the level of root lodgingresistance. The higher score represents higher levels of resistance.

RT LDG=ROOT LODGING. Root lodging is the percentage of plants that donot root lodge; plants that lean from the vertical axis as anapproximately 300 angle or greater would be counted as root lodged.

RTL ADV=ROOT LODGING ADVANTAGE. The root lodging advantage of variety #1over variety #2.

S/L=STALK LODGING. A 1 to 9 rating indicating the level of stalk lodgingresistance. The higher scores represent higher levels of resistance.

SCT GRN=SCATTER GRAIN. A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the amount ofscatter grain (lack of pollination or kernel abortion) on the ear. Thehigher the score the less scatter grain.

SDG VGR=SEEDLING VIGOR. This is the visual rating (1 to 9) of the amountof vegetative growth after emergence at the seedling stage(approximately five leaves). A higher score indicates better vigor.

SEL IND=SELECTION INDEX. The selection index gives a single measure ofthe hybrid's worth based on information for up to five traits. A maizebreeder may utilize his or her own set of traits for the selectionindex. One of the traits that is almost always included is yield. Theselection index data presented in the tables represent the mean valueaveraged across testing stations.

SIL DMP=SILAGE DRY MATTER. The percent of dry material in chopped wholeplant silage.

SLF BLT=SOUTHERN LEAF BLIGHT (Helminthosporium maydis or Bipolarismaydis). A 1 to 9 visual rating indicating the resistance to SouthernLeaf Blight. A higher score indicates a higher resistance.

SLK CRM=CRM at Silking.

SOU RST=SOUTHERN RUST (Puccinia polysora). A 1 to 9 visual ratingindicating the resistance to Southern Rust. A higher score indicates ahigher resistance.

STA GRN=STAY GREEN. Stay green is the measure of plant health near thetime of black layer formation (physiological maturity). A high scoreindicates better late-season plant health.

STAND (%)=Percent of stalks standing at harvest.

STD ADV=STALK STANDING ADVANTAGE. The advantage of variety #1 overvariety #2 for the trait STK CNT.

STK CNT=NUMBER OF PLANTS. This is the final stand or number of plantsper plot.

STK LDG=STALK LODGING. This is the percentage of plants that did notstalk lodge (stalk breakage) as measured by either natural lodging orpushing the stalks and determining the percentage of plants that breakbelow the ear.

STR RWH=PERCENT OF STARCH. This is the percent of dry matter that isstarch in chopped whole plant forage as predicted by Near InfraredSpectroscopy.

STW WLT=Stewart's Wilt (Erwinia stewartii). A 1 to 9 visual ratingindicating the resistance to Stewart's Wilt. A higher score indicates ahigher resistance.

TAS BLS=TASSEL BLAST. A 1 to 9 visual rating was used to measure thedegree of blasting (necrosis due to heat stress) of the tassel at thetime of flowering. A 1 would indicate a very high level of blasting attime of flowering, while a 9 would have no tassel blasting.

TAS SZ=TASSEL SIZE. A 1 to 9 visual rating was used to indicate therelative size of the tassel. The higher the rating the larger thetassel.

TAS WT=TASSEL WEIGHT. This is the average weight of a tassel (grams)just prior to pollen shed.

TDM/HA=TOTAL DRY MATTER/HECTARE. Yield of total dry plant material inmetric tons per hectare.

TEX EAR=EAR TEXTURE. A 1 to 9 visual rating was used to indicate therelative hardness (smoothness of crown) of mature grain. A 1 would bevery soft (extreme dent) while a 9 would be very hard (flinty or verysmooth crown).

TIL LER=TILLERS. A count of the number of tillers per plot that couldpossibly shed pollen was taken. Data are given as a percentage oftillers: number of tillers per plot divided by number of plants perplot.

TST WT (CHARACTERISTICS CHART)=Test weight on a I to 9 rating scale witha 9 being the highest rating.

TST WT=TEST WEIGHT (UNADJUSTED). The measure of the weight of the grainin pounds for a given volume (bushel).

TST WTA=TEST WEIGHT ADJUSTED. The measure of the weight of the grain inpounds for a given volume (bushel) adjusted for 15.5 percent moisture.

TSW ADV=TEST WEIGHT ADVANTAGE. The test weight advantage of variety #1over variety #2.

WIN M%=PERCENT MOISTURE WINS.

WIN Y%=PERCENT YIELD WINS.

YLD=YIELD. It is the same as BU ACR ABS.

YLD ADV=YIELD ADVANTAGE. The yield advantage of variety #1 over variety#2 as calculated by: YIELD of variety #1--YIELD variety #2=yieldadvantage of variety #1.

YLD SC=YIELD SCORE. A 1 to 9 visual rating was used to give a relativerating for yield based on plot ear piles. The higher the rating thegreater visual yield appearance.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Pioneer Brand Hybrid 39B42 has good silage yield and exhibits a goodsilage frame with tall, thick stalks and wide leaves. Hybrid 39B42 showsgood stay green. In addition, Hybrid 39B42 demonstrates good rootlodging resistance.

Pioneer Brand Hybrid 39B42 is a yellow endosperm, dent maize hybrid withgood silage yield in its maturity. Hybrid 39B42 has a relative maturityof approximately 78 based on the Comparative Relative Maturity RatingSystem for harvest moisture of grain. Hybrid 39B42 is well suited forthe Northwest region of the United States and the 75-80 CRM zone ofNorthern Europe.

This hybrid has the following characteristics based on the datacollected primarily at Johnston, Iowa.

                                      TABLE 1                                     __________________________________________________________________________    VARIETY DESCRIPTION INFORMATION                                               VARIETY = 39B42                                                               __________________________________________________________________________    1. TYPE: (describe intermediate types in Comments section):                   __________________________________________________________________________    2        1 = Sweet 2 = Dent 3 = Flint 4 = Flour 5 = Pop 6                     __________________________________________________________________________             = Ornamental                                                         2. MATURITY:                                                                  DAYS     HEAT UNITS                                                           __________________________________________________________________________    061      1,057.5 From emergence to 50% of plants in silk                      059      1,011.5 From emergence to 50% of plants in pollen                    004      1,083.0 From 10% to 90% pollen shed                                  059      1,192.0 From 50% silk to harvest at 25% moisture                     __________________________________________________________________________                                       Standard                                                                           Sample                                3. PLANT:                          Deviation                                                                          Size                                  __________________________________________________________________________    0,207.0 cm                                                                             Plant Height (to tassel tip)                                                                            9.90 2                                     0,076.0 cm                                                                             Ear Height (to base of top ear node)                                                                    14.14                                                                              2                                     0,016.7 cm                                                                             Length of Top Ear internode                                                                             1.84 10                                    1        Average Number of Tillers 0.00 2                                     1.0      Average Number of Ears per Stalk                                                                        0.00 2                                     3.0      Anthocyanin of Brace Roots: 1 = Absent 2 = Faint 3 = Moderate 4               = Dark                                                               __________________________________________________________________________                                       Standard                                                                           Sample                                4. LEAF:                           Deviation                                                                          Size                                  __________________________________________________________________________    008.0 cm Width of Ear Node Leaf    0.00 10                                    077.0 cm Length of Ear Node Leaf   0.57 10                                    04.9     Number of leaves above top ear                                                                          0.14 10                                    044.0    Degrees Leaf Angle (measure from 2nd leaf above                                                         1.41 2                                              ear at anthesis to stalk above leaf)                                 03       Leaf Color  Dark Green    (Munsell code)  5GY44                      1.0      Leaf Sheath Pubescence (Rate on scale from 1 = none to 9 = like               peach fuzz)                                                          7.0      Marginal Waves (Rate on scale from 1 = none to 9 = many)             7.5      Longitudinal Creases (Rate on scale from 1 = none to 9 =             __________________________________________________________________________             many)                                                                                                   Standard                                                                           Sample                                5. TASSEL:                         Deviation                                                                          Size                                  __________________________________________________________________________    09.8     Number of Primary Lateral Branches                                                                      3.68 10                                    044.0    Branch Angle from Central Spike                                                                         1.41 2                                     53.4 cm  Tassel Length (from top leaf collar to tassel tip)                                                      2.26 2                                     8.5      Pollen Shed (rate on scale from 0 = male sterile to 9 = heavy                 shed)                                                                17       Anther Color  Purple      (Munsell code)  10RP44                     01       Glume Color  Light Green  (Munsell code)  5GY64                      1.0      Bar Glumes (Glume Bands): 1 = Absent 2 = Present                     23       Peduncle Length (cm. from top leaf to basal branches)                __________________________________________________________________________    6a. EAR (Unhusked Data):                                                      __________________________________________________________________________    11       Silk Color (3 days after emergence)  Pink                                                               (Munsell code)  10RP56                     2        Fresh Husk Color (26 days after 50% silking) Medium                                                     (Munsell code)  5GY56                      21       Dry Husk Color (65 days after 50% silking)  Buff                                                        (Munsell code)  2.5Y8.54                   2        Position of Ear at Dry Husk Stage: 1 = Upright 2 = Horizontal 3               = Pendant                       Horizontal                           6        Husk Tightness (Rate of Scale from 1 = very loose to 9 = very                 tight)                                                               2        Husk Extension (at harvest): 1 = Short (ears exposed) 2 = Medium              (<8 cm)                              Medium                                   3 = Long (8-10 cm beyond ear tip) 4 = Very Long (<10                 __________________________________________________________________________             cm)                                                                                                     Standard                                                                           Sample                                6b. EAR (Husked Ear Data:)         Deviation                                                                          Size                                  __________________________________________________________________________    17 cm    Ear Length                0.00 10                                    41 mm    Ear Diameter at mid-point 1.41 10                                    147 gm   Ear Weight                26.16                                                                              10                                    14       Number of Kernel Rows     0.71 10                                    2        Kernel Rows: 1 = Indistinct 2 = Distinct                                                                           Distinct                        1        Row Alignment: 1 = Straight 2 = Slightly Curved 3                                                       4.24iral                                                                           10    Straight                        16 cm    Shank Length                                                         2        Ear Taper: 1 = Slight 2 = Average 3 = Extreme                                                                      Average                         __________________________________________________________________________                                       Standard                                                                           Sample                                7. KERNEL (Dried):                 Deviation                                                                          Size                                  __________________________________________________________________________    11 mm    Kernel Length             0.00 10                                    9 mm     Kernel Width              0.00 10                                    5 mm     Kernel Thickness          0.00 10                                    13%      Round Kernels (Shape Grade)    1                                     1        Aleurone Color Pattern: 1 = Homozygous 2 = Segregating                                                             Homozygous                      7        Aluerone Color  Yellow    (Munsell code)  10YR712                    7        Hard Endosperm Color  Yellow                                                                            (Munsell code)  10YR612                    3        Endosperm Type: Normal Starch                                                 1 = Sweet (Su1) 2 = Extra Sweet (sh2) 3 = Normal Starch                       4 = High Amylose Starch S = Waxy Starch 6 = High Protein                      7 = High Lysine 8 = Super Sweet (se) 9 = High Oil                             10 = Other-----                                                      32 gm    Weight per 100 Kernels (unsized sample)                                                                 2.12 2                                     __________________________________________________________________________                                       Standard                                                                           Sample                                8. COB:                            Deviation                                                                          Size                                  __________________________________________________________________________    23 mm    Cob Diameter at mid point 1.41 10                                    14       Cob Color  Red            (Munsell code)  2.5YR38                             Cob Strength 1 = Weak 2 = Strong                                     __________________________________________________________________________    9. DISEASE RESISTANCE (Rate from 1 (most susceptible) to 9 (most              resistant); leave blank                                                       if not tested; leave Race or Strain Options blank if polygenic):              __________________________________________________________________________    A. Leaf Blights, Wilts, and Local Infection Diseases                                   Anthracnose Leaf Blight (Colletotrichum graminicola)                           Common Rust (Puccinia sorghi)                                                Common Smut (Ustilago                                                6        Eyespot (Kabatiella zeae) maydis)                                             Goss's Wilt (Clavibacter michiganense spp. nebraskense)                       Gray Leaf Spot (Cercospora zeae-maydis)                                       Helminthosporium Leaf Spot (Bipolaris zeicola) Race-----             5        Northern Leaf Blight (Exserohilum turcicum) Race-----                         Southern Leaf Blight (Bipolaris maydis) Race-----                             Southern Rust (Puccinia polysora)                                             Stewart's Wilt (Erwinia stewartii)                                            Other (Specify) -----                                                B. Systemic Diseases                                                                   Corn Lethal Necrosis (MCMV and MDMV)                                          Head Smut (Sphacelotheca reiliana)                                            Maize Chlorotic Dwarf Virus (MDV)                                             Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus (MCMV)                                           Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus (MDMV)                                               Sorghum Downy Mildew of Corn (Peronosclerospora sorghi)                       Other (Specify) -----                                                C. Stalk Rots                                                                          Anthracnose Stalk Rot (Colletotrichum graminicola)                            Diplodia Stalk Rot (Stenocarpella maydis)                                     Fusarium Stalk Rot (Fusarium moniliforme)                                     Gibberella Stalk Rot (Gibberella zeae)                                        Other(Specify)-----                                                  D. Ear and Kernel Rots                                                                 Aspergiilus Ear and Kernel Rot (Aspergillus flavus)                           Diplodia Ear Rot (Stenocarpella mavdis)                              7        Fusarium Ear and Kernel Rot (Fusarium moniliforme)                   8        Gibberella Ear Rot (Gibberella zeae)                                          Other (Specify)-----                                                          Banks grass Mite (Oligonychus pratensis)                                      Corn Worm (Helicoverpa zea)                                                    Leaf Feeding                                                                  Silk Feeding                                                                  mg larval wt.                                                                Ear Damage                                                                    Corn Leaf Aphid (Rhopalosiphum maldis)                                        Corn Sap Beetle (Carpophilus dimidiatus                                       European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis)                             6         1st Generation (Typically Whorl Leaf Feeding)                       5         2nd Generation (Typically Leaf Sheath-Collar Feeding)                         Stalk Tunnelling                                                              cm tunneled/plant                                                            Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera fruqiperda)                                          Leaf Feeding                                                                  Silk Feeding                                                                  mg larval wt.                                                                Maize Weevil (Sitophilus zeamaize                                             Northern Rootworm (Diabrotica barberi)                                        Southern Rootworm (Diabrotica undecimpunctata)                                Southwestern Corn Borer (Diatreaea grandiosella)                               Leaf Feeding                                                                  Stalk Tunnellng                                                               cm tunneled/plant                                                            Two-spotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus uticae)                                  Western Rootworm (Diabrotica virgifrea virgifera)                             Other (Specify)-----                                                 11. AGRONOMIC TRAITS:                                                                  Staygreen (at 65 days after anthesis) (Rate on a scale from 1 =               worst to                                                                      excellent)                                                                    % Dropped Ears (at 65 days after anthesis)                                    % Pre-anthesis Brittle Snapping                                               % Pre-anthesis Root Lodging                                                    Post-anthesis Root Lodging (at 65 days after anthesis)                       Kg/ha Yield (at 12-13% grain moisture)                               __________________________________________________________________________

Research Comparisons for Pioneer Hybrid 39B42

Comparisons of Pioneer Brand Hybrid 39B42 were made against PioneerBrand Hybrids JANNA, 3936, 3963, 3970, 3979 and two other competitivecommercial hybrids designated GRANAT and DK250, all of which are similarin adaptation to Hybrid 39B42.

Table 2A compares Pioneer Brand Hybrid 39B42 and Pioneer Brand HybridJANNA. The results show that both hybrids demonstrate near averageyields. Hybrid 39B42 exhibits better seedling vigor than Hybrid JANNA.Hybrid 39B42 flowers (GDU to SHED and GDU to SILK) significantly laterthan Hybrid JANNA. Hybrid 39B42 has above average and significantlygreater plant height and significantly better stay green than HybridJANNA. Both hybrids have above average resistance to root lodging andstalk lodging and Hybrid 39B42 has above average resistance to brittlestalk.

Table 2B compares Pioneer Brand Hybrid 39B42 and Hybrid GRANAT, acompetitive hybrid. The results show that while Hybrid 39B42demonstrates a lower yield than Hybrid GRANAT, Hybrid 39B42 presents asignificantly lower harvest moisture than Hybrid GRANAT. Both hybridsshow an above average plant height and stay green. Both hybrids showabove average resistance to root lodging, stalk lodging, and brittlestalk.

Table 2C compares Pioneer Brand Hybrid 39B42 and Hybrid DK250, acompetitive hybrid. The results show that both hybrids exhibit aboveaverage yields. Hybrid 39B42 exhibits a higher stalk count than HybridDK250. Hybrid 39B42 has above average and significantly greater plantheight than Hybrid DK250. Both hybrids have above average resistance toroot lodging.

Table 2D compares Pioneer Brand Hybrid 39B42 and Pioneer Brand Hybrid3936. The results show that while Hybrid 39B42 is lower yielding thanHybrid 3936, Hybrid 39B42 shows lower harvest moisture and significantlyhigher test weight than Hybrid 3936. Hybrid 39B42 exhibits significantlybetter seedling vigor than Hybrid 3936. Hybrid 39B42 flowers (GDU toSHED and GDU to SILK) significantly earlier than Hybrid 3936. Hybrid39B42 has above average resistance to root lodging and stalk lodging.

Table 2E compares Pioneer Brand Hybrid 39B42 and Pioneer Brand Hybrid3963. The results show that Hybrid 39842 has above average yields andshows significantly lower harvest moisture and significantly higher testweight than Hybrid 3963. Hybrid 39B42 exhibits significantly betterseedling vigor than Hybrid 3963. Hybrid 39B42 sheds pollen (GDU to SHED)significantly earlier than Hybrid 3963. Both hybrids show above averageplant height and above average resistance to root lodging, brittle stalkand stalk lodging.

Table 2F compares Pioneer Brand Hybrid 39B42 and Pioneer Brand Hybrid3970. Hybrid 39B42 exhibits significantly better seedling vigor thanHybrid 3970. Both hybrids show above average plant height and Hybrid39B42 shows above average resistance to root lodging and brittle stalk.Hybrid 39B42 exhibits a significantly higher stay green score thanHybrid 3970 and shows significantly better resistance to stalk lodging.

Table 2G compares Pioneer Brand Hybrid 39B42 and Pioneer Brand Hybrid3979. Hybrid 39B42 shows above average and significantly better yieldsand higher test weight than Hybrid 3979. Hybrid 39B42 exhibits betterseedling vigor and flowers (GDU to SHED and GDU to SILK) significantlylater than Hybrid 3979. Hybrid 39B42 shows above average plant heightand both hybrids show above average resistance to brittle stalk. Hybrid39B42 exhibits above average and significantly better resistance to rootlodging and stalk lodging than Hybrid 3979. Hybrid 39B42 also shows abetter stay green score than Hybrid 3979.

                                      TABLE 2A                                    __________________________________________________________________________    HYBRID COMPARISON REPORT                                                      VARIETY #1 = 39B42                                                            VARIETY #2 = JANNA                                                            __________________________________________________________________________                   PRM BU  BU      TST SDG  EST GDU                                          PRM SHD ACR ACR MST WT  VGR  CNT SHD                                          ABS ABS ABS % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              ABS % MN % MN                                                                              % MN                              __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   78  80  124.2                                                                             99  97  54.8                                                                              99   99  98                                       2   75  78  122.2                                                                             99  89  55.9                                                                              96   102 96                                       LOCS                                                                              11  5   78  78  79  13  135  35  52                                       REPS                                                                              11  5   130 130 131 21  254  57  89                                       DIFF                                                                              3   2   2.0 0   8   1.1 2    2   3                                        PR > T                                                                            .000#                                                                             .015+                                                                             .228                                                                              .999                                                                              .000#                                                                             .005#                                                                             .106 .037+                                                                             .000#                             __________________________________________________________________________               GDU STK PLT EAR RT  STA STK  BRT GRN                                          SLK CNT HT  HT  LDG GRN LDG  STK APP                                          % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN % MN                                                                              % MN                              __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   99  101 103 108 103 103 104  101 108                                      2   96  102 99  100 101 91  102  99  110                                      LOCS                                                                              49  154 62  58  53  39  32   5   11                                       REPS                                                                              84  288 115 109 104 78  61   6   17                                       DIFF                                                                              3   1   4   8   1   12  2    3   2                                        PR > T                                                                            .000#                                                                             .288                                                                              .000#                                                                             .000#                                                                             .277                                                                              .000#                                                                             .103 .374                                                                              .608                              __________________________________________________________________________               DRP NLF HD  FUS                                                               EAR BLT SMT ERS                                                               % MN                                                                              ABS ABS ABS                                                    __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   100 5.5 76.8                                                                              7.3                                                           2   100 5.3 74.1                                                                              7.7                                                           LOCS                                                                              12  6   5   1                                                             REPS                                                                              14  11  18  3                                                             DIFF                                                                              0   0.2 2.7 0.3                                                           PR > T                                                                            .999                                                                              .576                                                                              .776                                                       __________________________________________________________________________     * = 10% SIG                                                                   + = 5% SIG                                                                    # = 1% SIG                                                               

                                      TABLE 2B                                    __________________________________________________________________________    HYBRID COMPARISON REPORT                                                      VARIETY #1 = 39B42                                                            VARIETY #2 = GRANAT                                                           __________________________________________________________________________                   PRM BU  BU      TST SDG  EST GDU                                          PRM SHD ACR ACR MST WT  VGR  CNT SHD                                          ABS ABS ABS % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              ABS % MN % MN                                                                              % MN                              __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   78  81  110.0                                                                             96  99  54.0                                                                              100  101 99                                       2   81  85  127.2                                                                             111 104 55.1                                                                              116  104 101                                      LOCS                                                                              4   1   25  25  27  4   49   7   16                                       REPS                                                                              4   1   50  50  52  5   87   10  30                                       DIFF                                                                              3   4   17.2                                                                              16  5   1.1 15   3   2                                        PR > T                                                                            .008#   .000#                                                                             .000#                                                                             .000#                                                                             .253                                                                              .000#                                                                              .236                                                                              .223                              __________________________________________________________________________               GDU STK PLT EAR RT  STA STK  BRT GRN                                          SLK CNT HT  HT  LDG GRN LDG  STK APP                                          % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN % MN                                                                              % MN                              __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   100 103 103 109 104 107 106  101 106                                      2   102 104 103 106 109 109 106  101 100                                      LOCS                                                                              13  49  22  19  15  11  9    2   6                                        REPS                                                                              22  95  40  35  32  27  17   2   10                                       DIFF                                                                              1   1   0   3   6   2   0    0   5                                        PR > T                                                                            .164                                                                              .189                                                                              .999                                                                              .277                                                                              .268                                                                              .777                                                                              .999 .999                                                                              .441                              __________________________________________________________________________               DRP NLF                                                                       EAR BLT                                                                       % MN                                                                              ABS                                                            __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   100 4.0                                                                   2   100 3.0                                                                   LOCS                                                                              6   1                                                                     REPS                                                                              7   1                                                                     DIFF                                                                              0   1.0                                                                   PR > T                                                                            .999                                                               __________________________________________________________________________     * = 10% SIG                                                                   + = 5% SIG                                                                    # = 1% SIG                                                               

                                      TABLE 2C                                    __________________________________________________________________________    HYBRID COMPARISON REPORT                                                      VARIETY #1 = 39B42                                                            VARIETY #2 = DK250                                                            __________________________________________________________________________                   BU  BU  SDG     EST GDU  GDU STK                                          PRM ACR ACR VGR MST CNT SHD  SLK CNT                                          ABS ABS % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN % MN                                                                              % MN                              __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   78  135.9                                                                             101 95  97  99  99   100 102                                      2   82  144.2                                                                             107 107 98  101 101  98  98                                       LOCS                                                                              5   40  40  40  62  15  18   18  70                                       REPS                                                                              5   61  61  61  111 25  24   24  118                                      DIFF                                                                              4   8.3 6   13  2   1   2    1   4                                        PR > T                                                                            .001#                                                                             .001#                                                                             .001#                                                                             .000#                                                                             .386                                                                              .380                                                                              .035+                                                                              .012+                                                                             .056*                             __________________________________________________________________________               PLT EAR RT  STA STK GRN                                                       HT  HT  LDG GRN LDG APP                                                       % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                           __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   105 112 103 95  100 112                                                   2   95  94  105 124 102 108                                                   LOCS                                                                              18  18  29  14  9   7                                                     REPS                                                                              24  24  50  23  16  10                                                    DIFF                                                                              9   18  2   29  3   4                                                     PR > T                                                                            .000#                                                                             .000#                                                                             .001#                                                                             .031+                                                                             .292                                                                              .172                                           __________________________________________________________________________     * = 10% SIG                                                                   + = 5% SIG                                                                    # = 1% SIG                                                               

                                      TABLE 2D                                    __________________________________________________________________________    HYBRID COMPARISON REPORT                                                      VARIETY #1 = 39B42                                                            VARIETY #2 = 3936                                                             __________________________________________________________________________                   PRM BU  BU      TST SDG  EST GDU                                          PRM SHD ACR ACR MST WT  VGR  CNT SHD                                          ABS ABS ABS % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              ABS % MN % MN                                                                              % MN                              __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   79  79  106.8                                                                             93  95  54.7                                                                              111  98  95                                       2   81  87  129.5                                                                             112 99  52.0                                                                              102  101 103                                      LOCS                                                                              5   8   17  17  17  7   16   8   14                                       REPS                                                                              5   8   35  35  35  14  30   18  25                                       DIFF                                                                              2   7   22.7                                                                              19  3   2.7 9    3   8                                        PR > T                                                                            .242                                                                              .000#                                                                             .000#                                                                             .000#                                                                             .062*                                                                             .000#                                                                             .032+                                                                              .382                                                                              .000#                             __________________________________________________________________________               GDU STK PLT EAR RT  STA STK  DRP NLF                                          SLK CNT HT  HT  LDG GRN LDG  EAR BLT                                          % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN % MN                                                                              ABS                               __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   96  99  100 99  109 85  104  100 2.5                                      2   99  100 103 110 98  98  105  100 3.0                                      LOCS                                                                              8   36  13  13  13  11  20   4   1                                        REPS                                                                              12  71  29  29  28  22  44   10  2                                        DIFF                                                                              3   1   4   12  11  13  1    0   0.5                                      PR > T                                                                            .000#                                                                             .250                                                                              .004#                                                                             .002#                                                                             .317                                                                              .248                                                                              .436 .999                                  __________________________________________________________________________               HD  GIB EYE ECB ECB ECB                                                       SMT ERS SPT DPE 1LF 2SC                                                       ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS                                            __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   89.1                                                                              7.5 6.0 96.9                                                                              5.6 4.8                                                   2   97.2                                                                              6.5 6.0 99.5                                                                              2.0 4.6                                                   LOCS                                                                              1   2   3   4   5   5                                                     REPS                                                                              4   4   6   8   5   5                                                     DIFF                                                                              8.0 1.0 0.0 2.7 3.6 0.2                                                   PR > T  .295                                                                              .999                                                                              .183                                                                              .011+                                                                             .749                                           __________________________________________________________________________     * = 10% SIG                                                                   + = 5% SIG                                                                    # = 1% SIG                                                               

                                      TABLE 2E                                    __________________________________________________________________________    HYBRID COMPARISON REPORT                                                      VARIETY #1 = 39B42                                                            VARIETY #2 = 3963                                                             __________________________________________________________________________                   PRM BU  BU      TST SDG  EST GDU                                          PRM SHD ACR ACR MST WT  VGR  CNT SHD                                          ABS ABS ABS % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              ABS % MN % MN                                                                              % MN                              __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   77  79  100.9                                                                             101 96  54.6                                                                              114  101 97                                       2   80  82  99.3                                                                              99  100 53.1                                                                              97   97  100                                      LOCS                                                                              5   9   25  25  27  15  18   20  12                                       REPS                                                                              5   9   44  44  47  25  31   35  20                                       DIFF                                                                              3   3   1.5 2   5   1.5 18   4   3                                        PR > T                                                                            .051*                                                                             .012+                                                                             .653                                                                              .679                                                                              .012+                                                                             .000#                                                                             .000#                                                                              .144                                                                              .007#                                        GDU STK PLT EAR RT  STA STK  BRT GRN                                          SLK CNT HT  HT  LDG GRN LDG  STK APP                                          % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN % MN                                                                              % MN                              __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   99  100 102 103 110 93  105  101 103                                      2   98  98  102 103 113 102 102  101 95                                       LOCS                                                                              6   38  14  14  14  11  28   2   7                                        REPS                                                                              8   70  25  25  24  17  51   2   12                                       DIFF                                                                              1   3   0   0   3   9   3    0   9                                        PR > T                                                                            .295                                                                              .085*                                                                             .999                                                                              .999                                                                              .536                                                                              .449                                                                              .141 .999                                                                              .139                              __________________________________________________________________________               DRP NLF HD  GIB EYE ECB ECB                                                   EAR BLT SMT ERS SPT 1LF 25C                                                   % MN                                                                              ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS                                        __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   100 2.5 89.1                                                                              7.5 6.0 5.6 4.8                                               2   100 2.0 100.0                                                                             6.3 6.8 3.4 3.8                                               LOCS                                                                              14  1   1   2   2   5   4                                                 REPS                                                                              23  2   4   4   4   5   4                                                 DIFF                                                                              0   0.5 10.9                                                                              1.3 0.8 2.2 1.0                                               PR > T                                                                            .999        .344                                                                              .500                                                                              .029+                                                                             .092*                                      __________________________________________________________________________     * = 10% SIG                                                                   + = 5% SIG                                                                    # = 1% SIG                                                               

                                      TABLE 2F                                    __________________________________________________________________________    HYBRID COMPARISON REPORT                                                      VARIETY #1 = 39B42                                                            VARIETY #2 = 3970                                                             __________________________________________________________________________                   PRM BU  BU      TST SDG  EST GDU                                          PRM SHD ACR ACR MST WT  VGR  CNT SHD                                          ABS ABS ABS % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              ABS % MN % MN                                                                              % MN                              __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   78  79  107.8                                                                             98  98  54.3                                                                              106  100 96                                       2   77  79  109.7                                                                             101 97  54.3                                                                              92   101 97                                       LOCS                                                                              10  12  41  41  42  18  54   22  32                                       REPS                                                                              10  12  71  71  73  34  96   39  59                                       DIFF                                                                              1   0   1.9 3   1   0.0 13   1   1                                        PR > T                                                                            .057*                                                                             .999                                                                              .378                                                                              .272                                                                              .085*                                                                             .999                                                                              .000#                                                                              .566                                                                              .348                              __________________________________________________________________________               GDU STK PLT EAR RT  STA STK  BRT GRN                                          SLK CNT HT  HT  LDG GRN LDG  STK APP                                          % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN % MN                                                                              % MN                              __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   98  100 101 102 107 102 106  101 103                                      2   98  101 101 95  100 79  95   99  92                                       LOCS                                                                              20  83  37  34  24  19  35   3   7                                        REPS                                                                              38  154 66  61  44  33  68   4   11                                       DIFF                                                                              0   0   0   7   7   24  11   2   10                                       PR > T                                                                            .999                                                                              .999                                                                              .999                                                                              .000#                                                                             .239                                                                              .001#                                                                             .000#                                                                              .184                                                                              .163                              __________________________________________________________________________               DRP NLF HD  GIB EYE ECB ECB  ECB                                              EAR BLT SMT ERS SPT DPE 1LF  25C                                              % MN                                                                              ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS  ABS                                   __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   100 3.3 89.1                                                                              7.5 6.0 96.9                                                                              5.6  4.8                                          2   100 3.2 98.9                                                                              6.8 6.3 92.4                                                                              6.0  4.2                                          LOCS                                                                              17  3   1   2   3   4   5    5                                            REPS                                                                              30  5   4   4   6   8   5    5                                            DIFF                                                                              0   0.2 9.7 0.8 0.3 4.5 0.4  0.6                                          PR > T                                                                            .999                                                                              .423    .205                                                                              .184                                                                              .291                                                                              .648 .553                                  __________________________________________________________________________     * = 10% SIG                                                                   + = 5% SIG                                                                    # = 1% SIG                                                               

                                      TABLE 2G                                    __________________________________________________________________________    HYBRID COMPARISON REPORT                                                      VARIETY #1 = 39B42                                                            VARIETY #2 = 3979                                                             __________________________________________________________________________                   PRM BU  BU      TST SDG  EST GDU                                          PRM SHD ACR ACR MST WT  VGR  CNT SHD                                          ABS ABS ABS % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              ABS *% MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                              __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   77  79  102.3                                                                             103 99  54.6                                                                              110  102 99                                       2   75  76  97.7                                                                              99  96  54.0                                                                              105  103 95                                       LOCS                                                                              6   9   32  32  33  17  26   21  14                                       REPS                                                                              6   9   76  76  77  36  59   41  32                                       DIFF                                                                              2   3   4.6 4   2   0.5 5    1   3                                        PR > T                                                                            .076*                                                                             .001#                                                                             .016+                                                                             .042+                                                                             .010+                                                                             .067*                                                                             .098*                                                                              .457                                                                              .000#                             __________________________________________________________________________               GDU STK PLT EAR RT  STA STK  BRT GRN                                          SLK CNT HT  HT  LDG GRN LDG  STK APP                                          % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN                                                                              % MN % MN                                                                              % MN                              __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   98  100 101 102 108 100 106  101 103                                      2   93  100 100 99  89  89  96   101 103                                      LOCS                                                                              7   48  27  27  19  19  32   2   7                                        REPS                                                                              11  107 65  65  44  46  72   2   12                                       DIFF                                                                              4   0   1   3   20  11  9    0   0                                        PR > T                                                                            .005#                                                                             .999                                                                              .144                                                                              .027+                                                                             .047+                                                                             .084*                                                                             .001#                                                                              .999                                                                              .999                              __________________________________________________________________________               DRP NLF HD  FUS GIB EYE ECB  ECB                                              EAR BLT SMT ERS ERS SPT 1LF  25C                                              % MN                                                                              ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS ABS  ABS                                   __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1   100 2.5 89.1                                                                              7.3 7.5 6.0 5.6  4.8                                          2   100 2.0 93.1                                                                              7.3 7.3 6.5 6.0  4.8                                          LOCS                                                                              17  1   1   1   2   1   5    4                                            REPS                                                                              32  2   4   3   4   2   5    4                                            DIFF                                                                              0   0.5 3.9 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.4  0.0                                          PR > T                                                                            .999            .500    .688 .999                                  __________________________________________________________________________     * = 10% SIG                                                                   + = 5% SIG                                                                    # = 1% SIG                                                               

Silage Data Comparisons for Pioneer Hybrid 39B42

Comparison of silage characteristics of Pioneer Brand Hybrid 39B42 weremade against Pioneer Brand Hybrids JANNA, 3936, 3963, 3970, 3979 and twoother competitive commercial hybrids designated GRANAT and DK250, all ofwhich are similar in adaptation to 39B42.

Table 3A compares Pioneer Hybrid 39B42 to Pioneer Hybrid JANNA. Theresults show that Hybrid 39B42 produces more total dry matter perhectare than Hybrid JANNA. Both hybrids produce silage with aboveaverage percentage of dry matter in the chopped whole plant forage.Hybrid 39B42 presents silage with a higher fiber content than HybridJANNA. Hybrid 39B42 exhibits a significantly taller plant than HybridJANNA. Both hybrids exhibit above average appearance as a silage hybrid.

Table 3B compares Pioneer Hybrid 39B42 to Pioneer Hybrid 3936. Theresults show that while Hybrid 3936 produces more total dry matter perhectare than Hybrid 39B42, Hybrid 39B42 produces an above averagepercentage of dry matter in the chopped whole plant forage and producessignificantly more of this dry matter than Hybrid 3936.

Table 3C compares Pioneer Hybrid 39B42 to Pioneer Hybrid 3963. Theresults show that Hybrid 39B42 produces more total dry matter perhectare and shows a higher percentage of dry matter in the chopped wholeplant forage than Hybrid 3963.

Table 3D compares Pioneer Hybrid 39B42 to Pioneer Hybrid 3970. Theresults show that Hybrid 39B42 produces an average amount of total drymatter per hectare while Hybrid 3970 produces a below average amount oftotal dry matter per hectare. Both hybrids show an above averagepercentage of dry matter in the chopped whole plant forage. Hybrid 39B42shows an above average and significantly better appearance as a silagehybrid than Hybrid 3970.

Table 3E compares Pioneer Hybrid 39B42 to Pioneer Hybrid 3979. Theresults show that Hybrid 39B42 produces an above average amount of totaldry matter per hectare. Hybrid 39B42 also produces an above averagepercentage of and significantly more dry matter in the chopped wholeplant forage than Hybrid 3979. Hybrid 39B42 presents a taller plant thanHybrid 3979 and shows an above average appearance as a silage hybrid.

Table 3F compares Pioneer Hybrid 39B42 to Hybrid GRANAT, a competitivehybrid. The results show that both hybrids produce an above averageamount of total dry matter per hectare. Hybrid 39B42 produces an aboveaverage percentage of dry matter in the chopped whole plant forage andproduces significantly more of this dry matter than Hybrid GRANAT. Bothhybrids exhibit above average appearance as a silage hybrid.

Table 3G compares Pioneer Hybrid 39B42 to Hybrid DK250, a competitivehybrid. The results show that Hybrid 39B42 produces an above averageamount of total dry matter per hectare and an above average percentageof dry matter in chopped whole plant silage. Hybrid 39B42 exhibits asignificantly taller plant than Hybrid DK250. Both hybrids exhibit aboveaverage appearance as a silage hybrid.

                                      TABLE 3A                                    __________________________________________________________________________    HYBRID SILAGE COMPARISON REPORT                                               VARIETY #1 = 39B42                                                            VARIETY #2 = JANNA                                                                        TDM/                                                                              SIL  STR                                                                              ADF PLT                                                                              EAR GEN                                                    HA  DMP  RWH                                                                              RWH HTM                                                                              HTM APP                                                    % MN                                                                              % MN ABS                                                                              ABS ABS                                                                              ABS % MN                                       __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1    102 102  29.1                                                                             25.7                                                                              26.4                                                                             11.6                                                                              105                                               2    100 105  31.6                                                                             24.7                                                                              25.3                                                                             10.8                                                                              112                                               LOCS 61  61   19 19  62 58  71                                                REPS 140 140  32 32  115                                                                              109 133                                               DIFF 2   4    2.7                                                                              0.9 1.1                                                                              0.8 7                                                 PR > T                                                                             .113                                                                              .000#                                                                              .000#                                                                            .053*                                                                             .000#                                                                            .000#                                                                             .000#                                      __________________________________________________________________________     * = 10% SIG                                                                   + = 5% SIG                                                                    # = 1% SIG                                                               

                                      TABLE 3A                                    __________________________________________________________________________    HYBRID SILAGE COMPARISON REPORT                                               VARIETY #1 = 39B42                                                            VARIETY #2 = 3936                                                                         TDM/                                                                              SIL  STR                                                                              ADF PLT                                                                              EAR GEN                                                    HA  DMP  RWH                                                                              RWH HTM                                                                              HTM APP                                                    % MN                                                                              % MN ABS                                                                              ABS ABS                                                                              ABS % MN                                       __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                            1    93  102  31.1                                                                             23.2                                                                              23.8                                                                             10.2                                                                              97                                                2    114 92   29.3                                                                             25.4                                                                              24.7                                                                             11.3                                                                              109                                               LOCS 4   15   16 16  13 13  4                                                 REPS 7   25   24 24  29 29  8                                                 DIFF 21  9    1.9                                                                              2.3 0.8                                                                              1.2 12                                                *PR > T                                                                            .036+                                                                             .005#                                                                              .254                                                                             .019+                                                                             .004#                                                                            .002#                                                                             .065*                                      __________________________________________________________________________     * = 10% SIG                                                                   + = 5% SIG                                                                    # = 1% SIG                                                               

                  TABLE 3C                                                        ______________________________________                                        HYBRID SILAGE COMPARISON REPORT                                               VARIETY #1 = 39B42                                                            VARIETY #2 = 3963                                                                        TDM/  SIL     STR    ADF  PLT  EAR                                            HA    DMP     RWH    RWH  HTM  HTM                                            % MN  % MN    ABS    AB3  ABS  ABS                                 ______________________________________                                        TOTAL SUM                                                                              1       100     99    29.4 25.9 25.5 11.2                                     2       83      92    32.9 25.8 25.5 11.1                                     LOCS    2       7     5    5    14   14                                       REPS    3       11    8    8    25   25                                       DIFF    17      7     3.5  0.1  0.0  0.1                                      PR > T  .082*   .058* .471 .949 .999 .775                            ______________________________________                                         * = 10% SIG                                                                   + = 5% SIG                                                                    # = 1% SIG                                                               

                                      TABLE 3D                                    __________________________________________________________________________    HYBRID SILAGE COMPARISON REPORT                                               VARIETY #1 = 39B42                                                            VARIETY #2 = 3970                                                                         TDM/ SIL STR                                                                              ADF                                                                              PLT EAR                                                                              GEN                                                     HA   DMP RWH                                                                              RWH                                                                              HTM HTM                                                                              APP                                                     % MN % MN                                                                              ABS                                                                              ABS                                                                              ABS ABS                                                                              % MN                                        __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                             1   100  102 29.6                                                                             23.6                                                                             26.6                                                                              11.3                                                                             103                                                 2   97   109 32.8                                                                             23.5                                                                             26.5                                                                              10.5                                                                             86                                                  LOCS                                                                              27   42  30 30 37  34 21                                                  REPS                                                                              52   76  46 46 66  61 35                                                  DIFF                                                                              3    7   3.2                                                                              0.1                                                                              0.0 0.8                                                                              17                                                  PR > T                                                                            .235 .000#                                                                             .000#                                                                            785                                                                              .999                                                                              .001#                                                                            .001#                                       __________________________________________________________________________     * = 10% SIG                                                                   += 5% SIG                                                                     #= 1% SIG                                                                

                                      TABLE 3E                                    __________________________________________________________________________    HYBRID SILAGE COMPARISON REPORT                                               VARIETY #1 = 39B42                                                            VARIETY #2 = 3979                                                                         TDM/ SIL STR                                                                              ADF                                                                              PLT EAR                                                                              GEN                                                     HA   DMP RWH                                                                              RWH                                                                              HTM HTM                                                                              APP                                                     % MN % MN                                                                              ABS                                                                              ABS                                                                              ABS ABS                                                                              % MN                                        __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                             1   103  103 30.1                                                                             23.6                                                                             24.4                                                                              10.5                                                                             102                                                 2   92   97  29.3                                                                             24.0                                                                             24.0                                                                              10.1                                                                             97                                                  LOCS                                                                              2    13  14 14 27  27 6                                                   REPS                                                                              3    22  22 22 65  65 21                                                  DIFF                                                                              11   6   0.8                                                                              0.4                                                                              0.3 0.3                                                                              4                                                   PR > T                                                                            .235 .011+                                                                             .563                                                                             .466                                                                             .086*                                                                             .020+                                                                            .278                                        __________________________________________________________________________     * = 10% SIG                                                                   += 5% SIG                                                                     #= 1% SIG                                                                

                                      TABLE 3F                                    __________________________________________________________________________    HYBRID SILAGE COMPARISON REPORT                                               VARIETY #1 = 39B42                                                            VARIETY #2 = GRANAT                                                                       TDM/ SIL STR                                                                              ADF                                                                              PLT EAR                                                                              GEN                                                     HA   DMP RWH                                                                              RWH                                                                              HTM HTM                                                                              APP                                                     % MN % MN                                                                              ABS                                                                              ABS                                                                              ABS ABS                                                                              % MN                                        __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                             1   102  102 31.4                                                                             23.7                                                                             26.6                                                                              11.9                                                                             102                                                 2   108  90  30.6                                                                             22.8                                                                             26.5                                                                              11.6                                                                             113                                                 LOCS                                                                              20   20  9  9  22  19 31                                                  REPS                                                                              38   38  14 14 40  35 58                                                  DIFF                                                                              6    12  0.8                                                                              0.8                                                                              0.0 0.3                                                                              11                                                  PR > T                                                                            .043+                                                                              .000#                                                                             .554                                                                             .409                                                                             .999                                                                              .357                                                                             .000#                                       __________________________________________________________________________     * = 10% SIG                                                                   += 5% SIG                                                                     #= 1% SIG                                                                

                                      TABLE 3G                                    __________________________________________________________________________    HYBRID SILAGE COMPARISON REPORT                                               VARIETY #1 = 39B42                                                            VARIETY #2 = DK250                                                                        TDM/ SIL STR                                                                              ADF                                                                              PLT EAR                                                                              GEN                                                     HA   DMP RWH                                                                              RWH                                                                              HTM HTM                                                                              APP                                                     % MN % MN                                                                              ABS                                                                              ABS                                                                              ABS ABS                                                                              % MN                                        __________________________________________________________________________    TOTAL SUM                                                                             1   103  102 24.4                                                                             27.9                                                                             25.1                                                                              12.4                                                                             105                                                 2   100  100 25.8                                                                             28.0                                                                             22.9                                                                              10.4                                                                             123                                                 LOCS                                                                              18   18  2  2  18  18 31                                                  REPS                                                                              53   53  4  4  24  24 49                                                  DIFF                                                                              3    2   1.4                                                                              0.1                                                                              2.2 2.0                                                                              18                                                  PR > T                                                                            .152 .352                                                                              .339                                                                             .751                                                                             .000#                                                                             .000#                                                                            .000#                                       __________________________________________________________________________     * = 10% SIG                                                                   += 5% SIG                                                                     #= 1% SIG                                                                

Strip Test Data for Hybrid 39B42

Comparison data was collected from strip tests that were grown byfarmers. Each hybrid was grown in strips of 4, 6, 8, 12, etc. rows infields depending on the size of the planter used. The data was collectedfrom strip tests that had the hybrids in the same area and weighed. Themoisture percentage was determined and bushels per acre was adjusted to15.5 percent moisture. The number of comparisons represent the number oflocations or replications for the two hybrids that were grown in thesame field in close proximity and compared.

Comparison strip testing was done between Pioneer Brand Hybrid 39B42 andPioneer Brand Hybrids 3970, 3979, and 3936. The comparisons come fromall the hybrid's adapted growing areas in the United States.

The results are presented in Table 4. The results show that while Hybrid39B42 is lower yielding than Hybrid 3970 and Hybrid 3936, Hybrid 39B42shows significantly more stalks standing at harvest than Hybrid 3970 andHybrid 3979 and more standing than Hybrid 3936. Hybrid 39B42 also showsa significantly higher number of stalks standing at harvest in theweighted average, with a weighted average advantage of 7%. Hybrid 39B42exhibits a higher weighted average percent of stalks not root lodged atharvest over the comparison hybrids, showing an advantage of 6%. Hybrid39B42 also shows a higher test weight than Hybrid 3936.

                                      TABLE 4                                     __________________________________________________________________________    1996 PERFORMANCE COMPARISON REPORT FOR CORN                                   1 YEAR SUMMARY OF ALL STANDARD TEST TYPES                                                          Income/                                                                           Pop Stand                                                                            Roots                                                                            Test                                       Brand      Product                                                                           Yield                                                                            Moist                                                                            Acre                                                                              K/Acre                                                                            (%)                                                                              (%)                                                                              Wt                                         __________________________________________________________________________    PIONEER    39B42                                                                             101.3                                                                            26.5                                                                             282.12                                                                            26.0                                                                              94 98 53.0                                       PIONEER    3970                                                                              109.6                                                                            25.5                                                                             307.09                                                                            26.5                                                                              87 96 53.4                                       Advantage      -8.3                                                                             -1.0                                                                             -24.97                                                                            -0.5                                                                              7  2  -0.4                                       Number of Comparisons                                                                        16 16 16  11  11 7  13                                         Percent Wins   31 18 31  45  63 28 30                                         Probability of Difference                                                                    99 97 99  39  95 57 80                                         PIONEER    39B42                                                                             105.2                                                                            25.9                                                                             294.08                                                                            25.6                                                                              95 97 53.2                                       PIONEER    3979                                                                              103.2                                                                            25.7                                                                             288.98                                                                            27.0                                                                              87 86 53.2                                       Advantage      2.0                                                                              -0.2                                                                             5.10                                                                              -1.4                                                                              8  11 0.0                                        Number of Comparisons                                                                        13 13 13  10  10 6  11                                         Percent Wins   69 30 61  40  60 66 45                                         Probability of Difference                                                                    67 31 60  85  97 74 3                                          PIONEER    39B42                                                                             104.8                                                                            26.6                                                                             291.70                                                                            27.6                                                                              94 100                                                                              53.6                                       PIONEER    3936                                                                              120.8                                                                            27.3                                                                             334.24                                                                            28.4.                                                                             89 92 50.9                                       Advantage      -16.0                                                                            0.7                                                                              -42.54                                                                            -0.8                                                                              5  8  2.7                                        Number of Comparisons                                                                        8  8  8   6   6  3  7                                          Percent Wins   0  50 0   33  66 66 71                                         Probability of Difference                                                                    99 45 99  33  90 67 93                                         PIONEER    39B42                                                                             103.4                                                                            26.3                                                                             288.40                                                                            26.2                                                                              94 98 53.2                                       WEIGHTED AVG   109.8                                                                            26.0                                                                             306.60                                                                            27.1                                                                              87 92 52.8                                       Advantage      -6.4                                                                             -0.3                                                                             -18.20                                                                            -0.9                                                                              7  6  0.4                                        Number of Comparisons                                                                        37 37 37  27  27 16 31                                         Percent Wins   37 29 35  40  62 50 45                                         Probability of Difference                                                                    99 62 99  83  99 90 73                                         __________________________________________________________________________     NOTE:                                                                         The probability values are useful in analyzing if there is a "real"           difference in the genetic potential of the products involved. High values     are desirable, with 95% considered significant for real differences.     

Comparison of Key Characteristics for Hybrid 39B42

Characteristics of Pioneer Hybrid 39B42 are compared to Pioneer Hybrids3936, 3963, 3970, and 3979 in Table 5. Table 5 shows that Hybrid 39B42exhibits comparable yields to other hybrids of similar maturity. Hybrid39B42 exhibits excellent resistance to stalk lodging, showing betterresistance than all of the comparison hybrids. Hybrid 39B42 shows verygood resistance to root lodging, demonstrating better resistance to rootlodging than all of the comparison hybrids. Hybrid 39B42 demonstratesabove average stay green, showing better stay green scores than all ofthe comparison hybrids. Hybrid 39B42 shows above average and betterearly growth than all of the comparison hybrids. Hybrid 39B42 showsabove average plant height. Hybrid 39B42 exhibits very good resistanceto brittle stalk.

                                      TABLE 5                                     __________________________________________________________________________    Hybrid Patent Comparisons-Characteristics                                     Pioneer Hybrid 39B42 vs. Pioneer Hybrids 3936, 3963, 3970 and 3979                    SILK                                                                             PHY                                                                              GDU                                                                              GDU            STA                                           VARIETY                                                                            RM CRM                                                                              CRM                                                                              SILK                                                                             PHY                                                                              YLD                                                                              D/D                                                                              S/L                                                                              R/L                                                                              GRN                                                                              D/T                                        __________________________________________________________________________    39B42                                                                              78 79 80 990                                                                              1860                                                                             8  5  8  7  6  4                                          3936 79 84 84 1050                                                                             1970                                                                             8  7  6  3  3  5                                          3963 79 80 82 1000                                                                             1920                                                                             7  7  5  6  4  5                                          3970 77 79 78 990                                                                              1810                                                                             9  5  5  5  4  4                                          3979 76 76 75 950                                                                              1730                                                                             8  6  5  4  5  7                                          __________________________________________________________________________         TST   PLT                                                                              EAR   BRT                                                                              HSK                                                    VARIETY                                                                            WT E/G                                                                              HT HT D/E                                                                              STK                                                                              CVR                                                    __________________________________________________________________________    39B42                                                                              5  6  6  7  5  7  5                                                      3936 3  5  6  8  4  3  6                                                      3963 4  5  5  4  6  7                                                         3970 6  4  6  5  5  8  5                                                      3979 4  5  6  6  5  6  4                                                      __________________________________________________________________________

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

This invention includes hybrid maize seed of 39B42 and the hybrid maizeplant produced therefrom. The foregoing was set forth by way of exampleand is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

As used herein, the term plant includes plant cells, plant protoplasts,plant cell tissue cultures from which maize plants can be regenerated,plant calli, plant clumps, and plant cells that are intact in plants, orparts of plants, such as embryos, pollen, ovules, flowers, kernels,ears, cobs, leaves, seeds, husks, stalks, roots, root tips, anthers,silk and the like.

Duncan, Williams, Zehr, and Widholm, Planta, (1985) 165:322-332 reflectsthat 97% of the plants cultured which produced callus were capable ofplant regeneration. Subsequent experiments with both inbreds and hybridsproduced 91% regenerable callus which produced plants. In a furtherstudy in 1988, Songstad, Duncan & Widholm in Plant Cell Reports (1988),7:262-265 reports several media additions which enhance regenerabilityof callus of two inbred lines. Other published reports also indicatedthat "nontraditional" tissues are capable of producing somaticembryogenesis and plant regeneration. K. P. Rao, et al., Maize GeneticsCooperation Newsletter, 60:64-65 (1986), refers to somatic embryogenesisfrom glume callus cultures and B. V. Conger, et al., Plant Cell Reports,6:345-347 (1987) indicates somatic embryogenesis from the tissuecultures of maize leaf segments. Thus, it is clear from the literaturethat the state of the art is such that these methods of obtaining plantsare, and were, "conventional" in the sense that they are routinely usedand have a very high rate of success.

Tissue culture of maize is described in European Patent Application,publication 160,390, incorporated herein by reference. Maize tissueculture procedures are also described in Green and Rhodes, "PlantRegeneration in Tissue Culture of Maize," Maize for Biological Research(Plant Molecular Biology Association, Charlottesville, Va. 1982, at367-372) and in Duncan, et al., "The Production of Callus Capable ofPlant Regeneration from Immature Embryos of Numerous Zea MaysGeneotypes," 165 Planta 322-332 (1985). Thus, another aspect of thisinvention is to provide cells which upon growth and differentiationproduce maize plants having the genotype of 39B42.

Maize is used as human food, livestock feed, and as raw material inindustry. The food uses of maize, in addition to human consumption ofmaize kernels, include both products of dry- and wet-milling industries.

Maize, including both grain and non-grain portions of the plant, is alsoused extensively as livestock feed, primarily for beef cattle, dairycattle, hogs, and poultry.

Industrial uses of maize include production of ethanol, maize starch inthe wet-milling industry and maize flour in the dry-milling industry.The industrial applications of maize starch and flour are based onfunctional properties, such as viscosity, film formation, adhesiveproperties, and ability to suspend particles. The maize starch and flourhave application in the paper and textile industries. Other industrialuses include applications in adhesives, building materials, foundrybinders, laundry starches, explosives, oil-well muds, and other miningapplications.

Plant parts other than the grain of maize are also used in industry.Stalks and husks are made into paper and wallboard and cobs are used forfuel and to make charcoal.

The seed of the hybrid maize plant and various parts of the hybrid maizeplant can be utilized for human food, livestock feed, and as a rawmaterial in industry.

Although the foregoing invention has been described in some detail byway of illustration and example for purposes of clarity andunderstanding, it will be obvious that certain changes and modificationsmay be practiced within the scope of the invention, as limited only bythe scope of the appended claims.

DEPOSITS

Applicant has made a deposit of at least 2500 seeds of Hybrid Maize Line39B42 with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Rockville, Md.20852 USA, ATCC Deposit No. 209514. The seeds deposited with the ATCC onDec. 3, 1997 were taken from the deposit maintained by Pioneer Hi-BredInternational, Inc., 700 Capital Square, 400 Locust Street, Des Moines,Iowa 50309-2340 since prior to the filing date of this application. Thisdeposit of the Hybrid Maize Line 39B42 will be maintained in the ATCCdepository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5years after the most recent request, or for the enforceable life of thepatent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced if it becomesnonviable during that period. Additionally, Applicant has satisfied allthe requirements of 37 C.F.R. §§1.801-1.809, including providing anindication of the viability of the sample. Applicant imposes norestrictions on the availability of the deposited material from theATCC; however, Applicant has no authority to waive any restrictionsimposed by law on the transfer of biological material or itstransportation in commerce. Applicant does not waive any infringement ofits rights granted under this patent.

What is claimed is:
 1. Hybrid maize seed designated 39B42,representative seed of said hybrid 39B42 having been deposited underATCC accession number
 209514. 2. A maize plant, or its parts, producedby the seed of claim
 1. 3. Pollen of the plant of claim
 2. 4. An ovuleof the plant of claim
 2. 5. A tissue culture of regenerable cells of ahybrid maize plant 39B42, representative seed of said hybrid maize plant39B42 having been deposited under ATCC accession number 209514, whereinthe tissue regenerates plants capable of expressing all themorphological and physiological characteristics of 39B42.
 6. A tissueculture according to claim 5, the cells or protoplasts being of a tissueselected from the group consisting of leaves, pollen, embryos, roots,root tips, anthers, silks, flowers, kernels, ears, cobs, husks, andstalks.
 7. A maize plant, or its parts, regenerated from the tissueculture of claim 5 and capable of expressing all the morphological andphysiological characteristics of 39B42, representative seed of saidhybrid maize plant 39B42 having been deposited under ATCC accessionnumber 209514.